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Daily fluid requirement on any person could differ, depending on body condition, age, gender, environmental temperature, type of food consumed, and types of activities.

For example, people who do a lot of physical activities like sports will be different needs for fluid compared with more sedentary office. Old age group who are not active have less fluid requirements than adults who are still very active in fisik.Orang who experience renal impairment is very limited fluid intake than those who kidneys healthy.

That’s why everyone should understand the needs of each body, in accordance with the conditions. If necessary, consult with a nutritionist physician after a medical examination in general (general check-up).

In general, conditions in noraml, the body’s need of daily fluid can be calculated using the formula:

Formula 1
Requirement is approximately 1 milliliter of fluid for every kilocalorie of energy needs of the body. If someone needs 1800 kcal of energy, means the need for liquids is 1 x 1800 = 1800 milliliters or 1.8 liters of water.

Formula 2
For the first 10 kg body weight takes a liter of fluid, the second 10 kg body weight needs 500 milliliters of liquid, and the remainder of each kilogram of body weight need 20 milliliters of liquid.

For example, if someone has a body weight 50 kg. So the first 10 kg weight = 1 liter, 10 kg of a second - 500 ml, the remaining 30 (50 kg, 10-10) x 20 ml = 600 ml.
So overall fluid requirement is 1000 500 600 = 2100 ml or 2.1 liters per day.

From where we can meet the needs of the liquid? At the core of the two sources, namely food (vegetables, fruits, etc.) and beverages. Generally fluid obtained from food amounted to about 20 percent, while the other 80 percent comes from beverages. (source)

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The way a man coping with stress routine, such as congestion and tengat job, it depends on the pattern of relationship with her father in childhood. This is one result of research published in the meeting of the American Psychological Association.

Some time ago, a study showed that women showed less affection have a big impact on a child’s emotional stability. Meanwhile, only a few studies related to the relationship between father and son.

“The relationship a father and son have a tremendous influence in the life of someone. If the relationship is healthy, will be very positive effect on the child,” said Melanie Mallers, researchers from California State University, USA.

In his research, Mallers and his team conducted a survey of 912 men and women aged 25-74 years about their stress levels during the last eight days. The respondents were also asked about their relationship with their parents in childhood.

The majority of respondents answered that they have a more sweet relationship with their mothers than with fathers. Most of the boys admitted that they are closer to his mother than with girls.

“My mother has a very strong influence in a child’s emotional stability, in both men and women. Children who have poor relationships with their mothers tend to have negative emotions in adulthood,” said Mallers.

However, what about the father? The research team found that men who have less than warm relationship with his father tends to be more difficult in dealing with everyday stress. They are also relatively more easily depressed, irritable, and easy to get sick due to stress they face. (source)

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After 10 years, Bagus Utomo (37) recently realized that her brother, Bayu, suffering from schizophrenia or severe mental disorder. Why so long? Year 1995, Bayu started showing strange behavior. Bayu who was then aged 30 years is often a great rage. “We take her medication and doctors (people) only give medicine without ever explaining my brother’s illness,” said Good.

After taking medicine, Bayu situation improves. However, whenever, oddly behavior could recur. He’s no longer just a tantrum, but also cursed his father, hostile to all men, and shouted hysterically all night. Behavior is repeated over 10 years. “During that time we also can not sleep and always tense. Our family like in hell, “Good story, Thursday (08/26/2010).

When the family began to despair, Good looking for any information about such weird behavior that indicated his brother. In 1998, he found a site on the internet about schizophrenia. From there, it’s good to know her sister to meet the characteristics of schizophrenia, which is experiencing hallucinations, suspicion, and behave strangely.

Single (36) even realized that his brother, Dwi Putro, usually addressed as Pak Wi, suffered from schizophrenia after 17 years. “We only know Mr. Wi used to lash out and hang out for days. That happened several times since 1983. We just know Sir Wi schizophrenic 2000s, “said Sole.

Not knowing, continued singles, two parents mistreat Dwi. “My parents forbade Mr. Wi went and took a shower while the water wasted. As a result, Mr. Wi increasingly depressed. “

Sari (36) also recalled how the family handles the confusion Wibi (54), his cousin, when often raged since the age of 21 years. “The family thought Wibi taxable witchcraft, so we brought him to boarding school or a smart person. Because there is no result, we take it to new doctors. From there, we just knew that if Wibi schizophrenia, “says Sari.

Carla R Marchira, psikater in the Faculty of Medicine and Dr Sardjito UGM, Yogyakarta, said the understanding among the public about schizophrenia is relatively low. “If there are people who suddenly behaving strangely, it must be presumed taxable witchcraft. In fact, it may be symptoms of mental disorder, “he said.

In addition, families are generally denied if one of its members experiencing mental illness for fear of stigma taxable. As a result, doctors treated patients was too late. In fact, Carla went on, the sooner treated, the more likely the patient can recover.

According to Indonesian standards, people are assumed to suffer from schizophrenia if for one month experienced psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and experienced supposition. Hallucinations are sensory perception disorder sufferers. As a result, the patient’s ear, for example, heard strange whisperings that are not there. Supposition is the condition when the patient’s mind is not realistic. He, for example, felt persecuted pocong or the CIA.

“We must understand that the hallucinations and the supposition was heavy. Imagine if every time you feel being chased pocong, you must have screamed with fear, “he said.

To cope with psychotic symptoms, the doctor usually gives the antipsychotic drug. Prolonged treatment, even some patients must take medication throughout their lives. (source)

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